Most beet supplements don’t tell you how much nitrate you’re taking. When researchers analyzed 45 lots of 24 commercial beetroot products, only five consistently provided at least 5 mmol (about 310 mg) of nitrate per serving, and nitrate content varied nearly 50-fold across products (Gallardo & Coggan, 2019). The reason is a labeling convention: most products declare extract weight or a concentrate ratio such as 10:1, not milligrams of nitrate (NO₃⁻), which is the unit clinical studies actually measure. NITRATE-IQ™ declares that number instead — 270 mg of dietary nitrate per six-capsule serving, from spinach extract standardized to 9% NO₃⁻ and verified by ion chromatography on every inbound batch. It is formulated to support healthy blood pressure already within the normal range and normal vascular function.*

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

It starts with a number, and for once, that number is on the label.

How Much Nitrate Is Actually in Beet Supplements?

You did the reasonable thing. You read up on dietary nitrate, bought a beet supplement, and took it for a while. Then you tried to figure out whether it was doing anything, and hit a wall: the label listed extract weight or a concentrate ratio, never the milligrams of NO₃⁻ that clinical studies actually measure.

That gap is real. When Gallardo and Coggan analyzed 45 lots of 24 commercial beetroot products (powders, concentrates, mixed beverages, and bulk juices) from 21 companies, only five consistently provided at least 5 mmol (about 310 mg) of nitrate per serving, the amount the authors describe as the minimum typically needed to enhance exercise performance. Nitrate content varied nearly 50-fold across products, partly reflecting an assumed 500 mL serving for bulk juices (Gallardo & Coggan, 2019). Capsules were not part of that sample, which limits how far the finding extends to capsule products, including this one. Even so, the core point holds: if the milligrams aren’t on the label, you can’t know what you took.

NITRATE-IQ™puts that number on the label: 270 mg of dietary nitrate at the Cardiovascular Support serving, verified by ion chromatography on every inbound batch.*

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

What Is NITRATE-IQ™?

NITRATE-IQ™ is a dietary nitrate supplement for adults who want a labeled, verifiable daily nitrate intake they can discuss with their healthcare provider as part of a healthy lifestyle. The milligrams of NO₃⁻ are declared on the Supplement Facts panel and verified by ion chromatography on every inbound batch.

Each Cardiovascular Support serving pairs three things: Nitrate Burst™ spinach extract standardized to 9% NO₃⁻ (270 mg of dietary nitrate at the six-capsule serving), 150 mg of grape-seed extract, and 390 mg of naturally occurring potassium from the spinach matrix.

A note on evidence, up front: NITRATE-IQ™ has not been studied as a finished formula. The research described on this page is ingredient-level, and where a result comes from laboratory or cell-based work rather than a human outcome, it is labeled as such.

Three protocols. One transparent bottle. Every active milligram declared. No proprietary blends, no extract-weight approximations, no guessing.*

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Why Don’t Beet Supplement Labels List Nitrate Milligrams?

Most of the shortfall traces to how products describe their strength.

Generic beet capsules standardize to extract ratios (4:1, 10:1, 20:1) rather than measured NO₃⁻ content, so any individual serving’s nitrate concentration is unknowable without lab analysis. That’s the practical problem Gallardo and Coggan documented: wide, unlabeled variability. Without the number, you can’t correlate what you took with anything you measured.

Some better-sourced products add a branded grape-seed extract, which signals attention to ingredient quality, but they still tend to leave the beet dose unlabeled. And “nitric oxide booster” blends built on L-arginine or L-citrulline take a different route to nitric oxide entirely: they support production through the eNOS enzyme pathway, while dietary nitrate reaches nitric oxide through a separate, bacteria-mediated route. Both routes have human research behind them, and they’re better understood as complementary than competing.

NITRATE-IQ™ takes one clear position in that landscape: whatever else a label says, the milligrams of nitrate should be on it. Ours are.*

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

How Does Dietary Nitrate Work in the Body?

Dietary nitrate reaches nitric oxide through the enterosalivary nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, and the useful thing about that pathway is that it doesn’t depend on the eNOS enzyme.

The nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, step by step

After you swallow nitrate, it’s absorbed and enters circulation, and your salivary glands concentrate a portion of it into saliva. Bacteria on the surface of the tongue reduce that salivary nitrate to nitrite; swallowed nitrite then meets stomach acid and forms nitric oxide, with more nitric oxide generated as nitrite circulates and is reduced in tissue (Kapil et al., 2013; Webb et al., 2008). Because oral bacteria and stomach acid do the conversion, the route does not rely on the eNOS enzyme, which is worth knowing since eNOS function tends to decline with age and oxidative stress. Pooled analyses have reported larger average blood-pressure changes in older adults, though the reasons for that pattern have not been established (He et al., 2021).

Plasma nitrite rises dose-dependently after ingestion, with peak changes at roughly 2 to 3 hours (Wylie et al., 2013), and the acute blood-pressure effect in controlled studies tracks that peak (Webb et al., 2008). So a morning dose with breakfast reaches its nitrite peak by mid-morning.

What the grape-seed extract does, and doesn’t do

In cultured human endothelial cells, the grape-seed extract in this formula increased phosphorylated eNOS and reduced secretion of endothelin-1 and sICAM-1 (Schön et al., 2021). The eNOS effect was not dose-related: at four hours only one of the three concentrations tested raised phosphorylated eNOS, and the other two lowered it. Those are laboratory observations in cells at high concentrations, not measured human outcomes, and human trials of grape products have not shown a consistent effect on these markers; one 30-trial meta-analysis found no effect on sICAM-1 and an increase in VCAM-1 (Ashoori et al., 2023). Treat the cell data as mechanism, not proof.

How much potassium is in a serving?

Potassium is an essential mineral that contributes to normal muscle and nerve function and to maintaining normal fluid balance. The potassium here occurs naturally in the spinach extract rather than being added as a potassium salt, and at 390 mg per serving it’s a modest contribution to daily intake, about 8% of the 4,700 mg Daily Value for potassium established by FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2024; National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements, 2024). That is far below the intakes used in potassium and blood-pressure research, so it should be understood as nutritional context, not a blood-pressure intervention.

NITRATE-IQ™ has not been studied as a finished formula; the mechanisms above come from research on the individual ingredients.*

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

What Does the Research on Dietary Nitrate Show?

The studies below were conducted in a range of populations, including people diagnosed with high blood pressure. They describe the ingredient, not this product, and NITRATE-IQ™ is not intended for the treatment of any blood-pressure condition.

Here’s the evidence base, stated plainly, including where it’s mixed.

Dietary nitrate and blood pressure in clinical trials

In a 4-week phase 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (68 randomized, 64 analysed) at about 6.4 mmol (~400 mg) nitrate per day, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure was 7.7/5.2 mmHg lower than placebo in adults with high blood pressure (both p<0.001); clinic blood pressure was 7.7/2.4 mmHg lower (diastolic p = 0.050), and flow-mediated dilation improved by about 20% in relative terms, an absolute increase of 1.0 percentage point (Kapil et al., 2015). That trial was conducted in people with hypertension, so its results describe that population and not people whose readings are already in the normal range.

Across the wider literature, pooled effects are more modest and not uniform. Reviews generally find resting or clinic blood pressure falls by roughly 3 to 5 mmHg systolic across pooled analyses (−2.9 to −5.3 mmHg in the three reviews cited here), while 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure often does not move (Li et al., 2020; Grönroos et al., 2024; He et al., 2021). Effects tend to be larger in older adults, in people with a BMI above 30, and where baseline readings are in the elevated range; in that same analysis, participants who already had hypertension at baseline showed no significant change (He et al., 2021). And some analyses find a mild effect in healthy people but nothing significant in hypertensive populations (Zhang et al., 2023). Stated simply: resting numbers tend to move, 24-hour averages generally don’t, the effect is small, and it does not show up reliably once blood pressure is already high.

Is more nitrate better? What the dose-response research shows

A 2025 GRADE-assessed dose-response meta-analysis of 75 randomized trials (1,823 participants) found small, dose-related changes per millimole of nitrate (systolic roughly −0.24 to −0.48 mmHg per mmol), with GRADE certainty rated moderate for some outcomes and low or very low for others, and serious risk of bias for most (Norouzzadeh et al., 2025). Importantly, the effect wasn’t linear: for mean arterial pressure over the medium term, the largest averaged change appeared around 3 mmol per day (about 186 mg), with no significant additional decrease above 5 mmol per day (about 310 mg). NITRATE-IQ™ offers higher tiers for flexibility, not because more nitrate produces more support.

What the grape-seed extract research shows

The most recent and largest grape-seed-specific meta-analysis (19 trials) found an average diastolic change of about −2.2 mmHg, no significant effect on systolic pressure, and no significant effect on flow-mediated dilation, with high between-study variability (Foshati et al., 2022). The one branded trial of the extract used here had a null primary endpoint: in 16 weeks in healthy adults, grape-seed extract did not separate from placebo on the primary blood-pressure measure (systolic p = 0.72), and blood pressure fell similarly in both groups; a reduction appeared in a male subgroup analysis, and one perceived-stress subscore improved versus placebo (Schön et al., 2021). Three of that study’s authors are employees of the ingredient manufacturer, and the trial was industry-run; we flag that here rather than bury it.

How the product’s doses relate to the research

The 540 mg tier exceeds the roughly 400 mg daily nitrate intake used in the Kapil trial by about 35%; given the plateau above, that’s a ceiling for flexibility, not a promise of a bigger effect. The point of the label is verification, not escalation: you can see the milligrams, and you can compare them to what the studies used.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

What Does a Labeled Nitrate Dose Change About Your Routine?

The practical difference is simple: you know what you’re taking.

With a declared, batch-verified nitrate number, the milligrams are no longer a mystery, and if you monitor your blood pressure at home, you can share your readings and any supplement you take with your healthcare provider. They’re the right person to interpret trends. That’s a more honest promise than a self-run “protocol,” and it keeps the interpretation with the clinician, where it belongs.

What your healthcare provider will find if they check

Every active ingredient is declared to the milligram on the Supplement Facts panel, and the grape-seed extract is a recognizable branded ingredient a provider can look up. What they’ll find is what’s described above: one industry-run trial with a null primary endpoint and a subgroup signal, plus mixed meta-analytic evidence for the category. A label that lets your provider check the research honestly is the point, even when the honest read is “modest and mixed.”

Does NITRATE-IQ™ cause beeturia?

NITRATE-IQ™ uses standardized spinach extract and contains no beet material. Beeturia, the harmless pink or red urine some people notice after eating beets, is commonly reported to occur in roughly 10 to 14% of people and is more frequent with iron deficiency or malabsorption (Watts et al., 1993); its prevalence specifically among supplement users hasn’t been established. Because this product contains no beet material, it contains none of the betalain pigment responsible for that discoloration.

Six capsules with breakfast, a glass of water, and you’re done.*

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Is Spinach-Derived Nitrate the Same as Beet Nitrate?

Nitrate is the same ion regardless of the plant it comes from, so spinach and beetroot deliver the same NO₃⁻. Human studies have used nitrate from both green spinach (Spinacia oleracea, the species used here) and red spinach (Amaranthus spp.) to support exercise capacity, though most of the available trials used red spinach (Jędrejko et al., 2024). Direct head-to-head comparisons of spinach- versus beet-derived nitrate on pharmacokinetics and vascular outcomes have not yet been published, so we describe them as the same nitrate ion from a beet-free source, not as proven equivalents on every outcome.

The practical benefit of the beet-free source is straightforward: no betalain pigment, no beet sugars, no earthy taste.*

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Frequently Asked Questions

How is NITRATE-IQ™ different from a typical beet capsule?

Most beet capsules standardize to extract weight, which tells you the mass of dried plant material, not the milligrams of dietary nitrate. NITRATE-IQ™ uses spinach extract standardized to 9% NO₃⁻ by lab analysis, so the Supplement Facts panel can declare 270 mg of dietary nitrate at the Cardiovascular Support serving, verified by ion chromatography on every batch. The number on the label is the difference. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

How should I take NITRATE-IQ™, and for how long?

Take 6 capsules each morning with food and water, alongside your existing routine. Plasma nitrite peaks around 2 to 3 hours after a dose (Wylie et al., 2013). One timing note that matters: avoid antiseptic mouthwash within two hours of dosing (see below). If you monitor your blood pressure at home, share your readings and any supplement you take with your healthcare provider. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Can I take NITRATE-IQ™ alongside my current supplements and medications?

It’s formulated with food-form, plant-derived ingredients compatible with most supplement routines, but two things need your provider’s input. First, antiseptic mouthwash: in healthy volunteers, seven days of chlorhexidine mouthwash reduced oral nitrite production by about 90% and plasma nitrite by about 25%, with blood pressure rising 2 to 3.5 mmHg (Kapil et al., 2013); a similar rise of about 2.3 mmHg systolic was seen in treated hypertensive adults after three days of antibacterial mouthwash (Bondonno et al., 2015), and the effect scales with mouthwash strength (Woessner et al., 2016). Avoid antiseptic mouthwash within two hours of dosing; regular fluoride toothpaste is fine. Second, medications: if you take nitrate-based heart medications (such as nitroglycerin or isosorbide), other vasodilators, medications for erectile dysfunction, or potassium-affecting drugs (potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ARBs), talk to your healthcare provider before using this product, because combining vasodilators can lower blood pressure more than expected. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

What does “NOS-independent” mean, and why does it matter with age?

eNOS is the enzyme blood-vessel walls use to make nitric oxide from L-arginine, and its function tends to decline with age and oxidative stress. The dietary nitrate route doesn’t depend on that enzyme: oral bacteria and stomach acid do the conversion instead (Kapil et al., 2013). Pooled analyses have reported larger average blood-pressure changes in older adults, though the reasons haven’t been established (He et al., 2021). These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

What is the grape-seed extract, and how is it different from generic grape-seed extract?

It’s a branded, standardized grape-seed extract (≥95% proanthocyanidins) produced by Indena S.p.A. using white-wine-production grape seeds and water as the sole extraction solvent. What distinguishes a branded extract is its supply chain and the fact that specific studies were run on it. In this case, that research is one industry-run human trial with a null primary blood-pressure endpoint plus a male-subgroup signal (Schön et al., 2021), and laboratory cell work on endothelial markers; the broader grape-seed literature shows modest, mixed effects (Foshati et al., 2022; Ashoori et al., 2023). These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Is NITRATE-IQ™ a substitute for any medication?

No. NITRATE-IQ™ is a dietary supplement, not a medicine, and is not intended to replace any prescription medication. Talk to your healthcare provider before adding any supplement, and never change a prescribed medication without their guidance. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Can I take different protocols on different days?

Yes. Six capsules on most mornings, twelve on days you want the higher tier, three when you want to conserve supply. One bottle, one daily habit, adjustable by day. Take capsules with food, and avoid antiseptic mouthwash within two hours of dosing regardless of protocol. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Ingredients, Testing, and Safety

Nitrate Burst™ Spinach Extract (Spinacia oleracea), 1,500 / 3,000 / 6,000 mg at 3 / 6 / 12 caps

Standardized to 9% dietary nitrate (NO₃⁻) and about 13% naturally co-occurring potassium (K⁺) by batch analysis. Nitrate is confirmed by ion chromatography and potassium by ICP-OES, on every inbound batch, with the resulting milligram values recorded on the Certificate of Analysis. Label specifications: 135 / 270 / 540 mg NO₃⁻ per serving; 195 / 390 / 780 mg K⁺ per serving.

Grape-Seed Extract (Enovita™, Indena S.p.A.), 75 / 150 / 300 mg at 3 / 6 / 12 caps

A branded oligomeric-proanthocyanidin (OPC) extract standardized to ≥95% total proanthocyanidins, produced with white-wine-production grape seeds and water as the sole extraction solvent, with a defined low flavane-monomer fraction. Full supply-chain traceability. Evidence for this specific extract is one industry-run human trial with a null primary blood-pressure endpoint and a male-subgroup finding, plus in vitro endothelial-marker work (Schön et al., 2021); three of that study’s authors are employed by the ingredient manufacturer. In that 16-week trial, two serious adverse events requiring hospitalization occurred, both in the placebo group, and none were judged related to the study product. Serving pairings: 150 mg of grape-seed extract with 270 mg of nitrate at the six-capsule serving, or 300 mg with 540 mg at the twelve-capsule serving.

Naturally Occurring Potassium (K⁺), 195 / 390 / 780 mg at 3 / 6 / 12 caps

Occurs naturally in the spinach extract at about 13% by weight, not added as a potassium salt. At 390 mg, a serving provides about 8% of the 4,700 mg Daily Value for potassium established by FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2024). That is a modest contribution and is not comparable to the much larger intakes used in potassium and blood-pressure research. There is no Tolerable Upper Intake Level for potassium; the 2019 NASEM review concluded the evidence was insufficient to set one (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2019). Because potassium intake matters for people on certain medications or with reduced kidney function, talk to your healthcare provider before use if either applies to you.

Fulvic Acid, 30 / 60 / 120 mg at 3 / 6 / 12 caps

Purified fulvic acid, included as supporting infrastructure rather than a primary efficacy driver. Every batch is tested by ICP-MS for lead, arsenic, mercury, and cadmium, with results below the limits we set for these products; Certificates of Analysis are available on request.

Who should not use this product

Severe kidney disease (reduced potassium excretion); very low blood pressure; known allergy to any ingredient. If you are pregnant or nursing, talk to your healthcare provider before use. For adults 18 and over. If you take prescription medications, ask your healthcare provider whether to separate them from this supplement, and see the medication cautions in the FAQ above.

Consult your healthcare provider before starting any new supplement, especially if you have a medical condition or take prescription medications.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

About Triquetra Health

Triquetra Health formulates dietary supplements with the active ingredient amounts declared on the label and verified by batch analysis. As of August 25, 2026, its BioBeet Max Strength Beet Root listing on Amazon showed a 4.5-star average from 3,889 customer ratings.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Scientific References & Citations

All sources below were checked against the original publications on August 25, 2026. Each entry links to the primary paper via DOI or PubMed. NITRATE-IQ™ has not been studied as a finished formula; all cited research is ingredient-level.

Ashoori, M., Soltani, S., Kolahdouz-Mohammadi, R., Moghtaderi, F., Clayton, Z., & Abdollahi, S. (2023). The effect of whole grape products on blood pressure and vascular function: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 33(10), 1836–1848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2023.05.001

Bondonno, C. P., Liu, A. H., Croft, K. D., Considine, M. J., Puddey, I. B., Woodman, R. J., & Hodgson, J. M. (2015). Antibacterial mouthwash blunts oral nitrate reduction and increases blood pressure in treated hypertensive men and women. American Journal of Hypertension, 28(5), 572–575. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpu192

Foshati, S., Nouripour, F., Sadeghi, E., & Amani, R. (2022). The effect of grape (Vitis vinifera) seed extract supplementation on flow-mediated dilation, blood pressure, and heart rate: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials with duration- and dose-response analysis. Pharmacological Research, 175, 105905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105905

Gallardo, E. J., & Coggan, A. R. (2019). What is in your beet juice? Nitrate and nitrite content of beet juice products marketed to athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 29(4), 345–349. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0223

Grönroos, R., Eggertsen, R., Bernhardsson, S., & Praetorius Björk, M. (2024). Effects of beetroot juice on blood pressure in hypertension according to European Society of Hypertension guidelines: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 34(10), 2240–2256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2024.06.009

He, Y., Liu, J., Cai, H., Zhang, J., Yi, J., Niu, Y., Xi, H., Peng, X., & Guo, L. (2021). Effect of inorganic nitrate supplementation on blood pressure in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nitric Oxide, 113–114, 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2021.04.006

Jędrejko, M., Jędrejko, K., Gómez-Renaud, V. M., Kała, K., & Muszyńska, B. (2024). Exploring the impact of alternative sources of dietary nitrate supplementation on exercise performance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(7), 3650. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073650

Kapil, V., Haydar, S. M. A., Pearl, V., Lundberg, J. O., Weitzberg, E., & Ahluwalia, A. (2013). Physiological role for nitrate-reducing oral bacteria in blood pressure control. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 55, 93–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.11.013

Kapil, V., Khambata, R. S., Robertson, A., Caulfield, M. J., & Ahluwalia, A. (2015). Dietary nitrate provides sustained blood pressure lowering in hypertensive patients: A randomized, phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Hypertension, 65(2), 320–327. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.04675

Li, D., Nishi, S. K., Jovanovski, E., Zurbau, A., Komishon, A., Mejia, S. B., Khan, T. A., Sievenpiper, J. L., Milicic, D., Jenkins, A., & Vuksan, V. (2020). Repeated administration of inorganic nitrate on blood pressure and arterial stiffness: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Hypertension, 38(11), 2122–2140. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002524

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2019). Dietary Reference Intakes for sodium and potassium. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25353

National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. (2024). Potassium: Fact sheet for health professionals. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Potassium-HealthProfessional/

Norouzzadeh, M., Hasan Rashedi, M., Ghaemi, S., Saber, N., Mirdar Harijani, A., Habibi, H., Mostafavi, S., Sarv, F., Farhadnejad, H., Teymoori, F., Khaleghian, M., & Mirmiran, P. (2025). Plasma nitrate, dietary nitrate, blood pressure, and vascular health biomarkers: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrition Journal, 24(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01114-8

Schön, C., Allegrini, P., Engelhart-Jentzsch, K., Riva, A., & Petrangolini, G. (2021). Grape seed extract positively modulates blood pressure and perceived stress: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy volunteers. Nutrients, 13(2), 654. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020654

U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2024, September 9). Daily value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts labels. https://www.fda.gov/food/nutrition-facts-label/daily-value-nutrition-and-supplement-facts-labels

Watts, A. R., Lennard, M. S., Mason, S. L., Tucker, G. T., & Woods, H. F. (1993). Beeturia and the biological fate of beetroot pigments. Pharmacogenetics, 3(6), 302–311. https://doi.org/10.1097/00008571-199312000-00004

Webb, A. J., Patel, N., Loukogeorgakis, S., Okorie, M., Aboud, Z., Misra, S., Rashid, R., Miall, P., Deanfield, J., Benjamin, N., MacAllister, R., Hobbs, A. J., & Ahluwalia, A. (2008). Acute blood pressure lowering, vasoprotective, and antiplatelet properties of dietary nitrate via bioconversion to nitrite. Hypertension, 51(3), 784–790. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.103523

Woessner, M., Smoliga, J. M., Tarzia, B., Stabler, T., Van Bruggen, M., & Allen, J. D. (2016). A stepwise reduction in plasma and salivary nitrite with increasing strengths of mouthwash following a dietary nitrate load. Nitric Oxide, 54, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2016.01.002

Wylie, L. J., Kelly, J., Bailey, S. J., Blackwell, J. R., Skiba, P. F., Winyard, P. G., Jeukendrup, A. E., Vanhatalo, A., & Jones, A. M. (2013). Beetroot juice and exercise: Pharmacodynamic and dose-response relationships. Journal of Applied Physiology, 115(3), 325–336. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00372.2013

Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., An, W., Li, D., & Qin, L. (2023). Regulatory effect of dietary nitrate on blood pressure: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Food & Function, 14(4), 1839–1850. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2FO03140J

Evidence used here: systematic reviews and dose-response meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (highest tier), a single phase 2 randomized controlled trial, and, where explicitly labeled as such, laboratory and cell-based mechanistic work. All evidence is ingredient-level, not product-level: NITRATE-IQ™ has not been studied as a finished formula.

Material-connection note: The branded grape-seed trial cited (Schön et al., 2021) was industry-run, and three of its authors are employed by the ingredient manufacturer.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Individual results may vary.